Cholangiocarcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and diagnosis
H Charbel, FH Al-Kawas - Current gastroenterology reports, 2011 - Springer
H Charbel, FH Al-Kawas
Current gastroenterology reports, 2011•SpringerCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare tumor arising from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or
the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is rarely diagnosed before 40 years of age except in patients
with primary sclerosing cholangitis. CCA is usually clinically silent until the tumor obstructs
the bile ducts. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is the most commonly used tumor marker, and
magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is the best available imaging modality for
CCA. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and cholangioscopy allow tissue …
the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is rarely diagnosed before 40 years of age except in patients
with primary sclerosing cholangitis. CCA is usually clinically silent until the tumor obstructs
the bile ducts. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is the most commonly used tumor marker, and
magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is the best available imaging modality for
CCA. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and cholangioscopy allow tissue …
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare tumor arising from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or the extrahepatic bile ducts. It is rarely diagnosed before 40 years of age except in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. CCA is usually clinically silent until the tumor obstructs the bile ducts. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is the most commonly used tumor marker, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is the best available imaging modality for CCA. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and cholangioscopy allow tissue acquisition. Positron emission tomography may play a role in identifying occult metastases. Tissue diagnosis is obtained by brush cytology or bile duct biopsy.
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